docker 镜像基本命令

设置 Docker 镜像加速国内从 DockerHub 拉取镜像有时会遇到困难此时可以配置镜像加速器。Docker 官方和国内很多云服务商都提供了国内加速器服务例如中国科技大学镜像https://docker.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/网易https://hub-mirror.c.163.com/阿里云https://你的ID.mirror.aliyuncs.com七牛云加速器https://reg-mirror.qiniu.com轩辕镜像 (XuanYuan Mirror) - 强烈推荐免费版地址: https://docker.xuanyuan.me专业版地址: https://xuanyuan.cloud (需注册登录速度更优)特点:全平台支持: 完美兼容 Linux, Windows, macOS, Docker Desktop, containerd, nerdctl。NAS友好: 对群晖 (Synology)、极空间 (ZSpace)、飞牛 (fnOS)、威联通 (QNAP) 等主流NAS系统有专门优化。更新及时: 镜像同步频率高能快速获取到最新官方镜像。社区活跃: 拥有活跃的技术社区问题响应迅速。毫秒镜像 (1ms Mirror)地址: https://docker.1ms.run特点:极致速度: 在多个地区实测下载速度可达 10MB/s。简单易用: 无需任何账号开箱即用。稳定性佳: 作为老牌镜像源在2026年依然保持高可用性。在 /etc/docker/daemon.json 中写入如下内容如果文件不存在请新建该文件{registry-mirrors:[https://docker.xuanyuan.me,https://docker.1ms.run]}可配置多个地址但优先使用前面的重启docker$systemctl daemon-reload $systemctl restartdocker如果报如下错误Jobfordocker.service failed because the control process exited with error code. Seesystemctl status docker.serviceandjournalctl -xefordetails.请将daemon.json改名为daemon.conf列出镜像列表[testlocalhost ~]$dockerimages REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZEREPOSITORY表示镜像的仓库源TAG镜像的标签IMAGE ID镜像IDCREATED镜像创建时间SIZE镜像大小docker images 列出的是本地的镜像列表按名称和标签列出镜像docker images [REPOSITORY[:TAG]][testlocalhost ~]$dockerimages nginx:latest REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE nginx latest 0e901e68141f3weeks ago 142MB注[REPOSITORY[:TAG]]值必须是“完全匹配”。例如 docker images ngx不能列出nginx的镜像命令选项名称简写默认描述–all-a显示所有图像默认隐藏中间图像–digests显示摘要–filter-f根据提供的条件过滤输出–format使用 Go 模板打印漂亮的图像–no-trunc不要截断输出–quiet-q仅显示图像 ID查找镜像我们可以在docker hub上查找镜像官网地址为https://hub.docker.com/也可以通过命令 docker search 比如我们要查询nginx的镜像[testlocalhost ~]$dockersearch nginx NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED nginx Official build of Nginx.16959[OK]linuxserver/nginx An Nginx container, brought to you by LinuxS…169bitnami/nginx Bitnami nginx Docker Image131[OK]ubuntu/nginx Nginx, a high-performance reverse proxywe…52bitnami/nginx-ingress-controller Bitnami Docker ImageforNGINX Ingress Contr…18[OK]rancher/nginx-ingress-controller10clearlinux/nginx Nginx reverse proxy server with the benefits…4ibmcom/nginx-ingress-controller Docker ImageforIBM Cloud Private-CE(Commu…4bitnami/nginx-ldap-auth-daemon3rancher/nginx-ingress-controller-defaultbackend2bitnami/nginx-exporter2vmware/nginx2circleci/nginx This image isforinternal use2bitnami/nginx-intel1vmware/nginx-photon1rancher/nginx1rapidfort/nginx RapidFort optimized, hardened imageforNGINX1wallarm/nginx-ingress-controller Kubernetes Ingress Controller with Wallarm e…1kasmweb/nginx An Nginx image based off nginx:alpine and in…1rancher/nginx-conf0ibmcom/nginx-ingress-controller-ppc64le Docker ImageforIBM Cloud Private-CE(Commu…0continuumio/nginx-ingress-ws0rancher/nginx-ingress-controller-amd640ibmcom/nginx-ppc64le Docker imagefornginx-ppc64le0rancher/nginx-ssl0NAME: 镜像仓库源的名称DESCRIPTION: 镜像的描述OFFICIAL: 是否 docker 官方发布stars: 类似 Github 里面的 star越大表示越受欢迎。AUTOMATED: 自动构建一般官方发布的镜像没有像xxx/nginx这样的前缀命令选项名称简写默认描述–filter-f根据提供的条件过滤输出–format使用 Go 模板进行漂亮的打印搜索–limit25最大搜索结果数–no-trunc不要截断输出下载镜像到本地语法dockerpull[OPTIONS]NAME[:TAG|DIGEST][testlocalhost ~]$dockerpull nginx Using default tag: latest latest: Pulling from library/nginx 42c077c10790: Pull complete 62c70f376f6a: Pull complete 75a963e94de0: Download complete 7b1fab684d70: Download complete db24d06d5af4: Download complete注意我们是下载的官方nginx镜像所以pull命令后面是nginx此为镜像的名称。没有加tag那么默认使用:latest为tag再次列出本地镜像列表此时便有了我们刚刚现在的nginx镜像了[testlocalhost ~]$dockerimages REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE nginx latest 0e901e68141f2weeks ago 142MB删除镜像通过image id删除[testlocalhost ~]$dockerrmi 0e901e68141fid可以是短id也可以是全长度的id通过镜像名称删除[testlocalhost ~]$dockerrmi nginx Untagged: nginx:latest Untagged: nginxsha256:2bcabc23b45489fb0885d69a06ba1d648aeda973fae7bb981bafbb884165e514 Deleted: sha256:0e901e68141fd02f237cf63eb842529f8a9500636a9419e3cf4fb986b8fe3d5d Deleted: sha256:1e877fb1acf761377390ab38bbad050a1d5296f1b4f51878c2695d4ecdb98c62 Deleted: sha256:834e54d50f731515065370d1c15f0ed47d2f7b6a7b0452646db80f14ace9b8de Deleted: sha256:d28ca7ee17ff94497071d5c075b4099a4f2c950a3471fc49bdf9876227970b24 Deleted: sha256:096f97ba95539883af393732efac02acdd0e2ae587a5479d97065b64b4eded8c Deleted: sha256:de7e3b2a7430261fde88313fbf784a63c2229ce369b9116053786845c39058d5 Deleted: sha256:ad6562704f3759fb50f0d3de5f80a38f65a85e709b77fd24491253990f30b6be通过镜像名称tag删除[testlocalhost ~]$dockerrmi nginx:latest[testlocalhost ~]$dockerimages REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE命令很好记rm是linux的删除命令i是image的头一个字母上一篇Docker rpm安装下一篇